International Terminal v. Nederl. Amerik, 393 U.S. 74 (1968)

U.S. Supreme Court

International Terminal v. Nederl. Amerik, 393 U.S. 74 (1968) International Terminal Operating Co., Inc. v.

N. V. Nederl. Amerik Stoomv. Maats.

No. 379

Decided October 21, 1968

393 U.S. 74

ON PETITION FOR WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES

COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

Syllabus

Respondent, a shipowner, sought indemnity from petitioner, a stevedoring company, for damages respondent had paid petitioner's employee, who had been injured while working on respondent's ship. The Court of Appeals reversed the jury's verdict for petitioner on the ground that, as a matter of law, petitioner had not taken reasonable action to avoid the injury.

Held: Under the Seventh Amendment, the issue as to the reasonableness of petitioner's conduct should have been left to the jury. Atlantic & Gulf Stevedores, Inc. v. Ellerman Lines, Ltd., 369 U. S. 355 (1962).

Certiorari granted; 392 F.2d 763, reversed.

PER CURIAM.

The petition for a writ of certiorari is granted.

The respondent, a shipowner, sought indemnity from the petitioner, a stevedoring company, for damages the shipowner had paid to an employee of the stevedore who was injured while working aboard the respondent's ship. See Albanese v. N. V. Nederl. Amerik Stoomv. Maats., 382 U. S. 283 (1965). A jury found that the stevedoring company had fulfilled its duty of workmanlike service and, accordingly, that no indemnity was due. See Ryan Stevedoring Co. v. Pan-Atlantic S.S. Corp., 350 U. S. 124 (1956). The Court of Appeals reversed this verdict and held, as a matter of law, that the stevedore had not taken reasonable action to avert the injury. 392 F.2d 763 (1968).

Page 393 U. S. 75

The cause of the longshoreman's injury was carbon monoxide inhalation that occurred as he and other longshoremen were using gasoline-powered vehicles to move cargo in the ship's lower hold. The shipowner contends that the stevedore's hatch boss acted unreasonably. When longshoremen complained about the lack of ventilation in the hold, the hatch boss informed one of the ship's officers that his men would walk off the job unless the officer turned on the ship's ventilating system. The officer told the men to continue working and promised to activate the ventilating system, which was within the shipowner's exclusive control and which was concededly adequate to ventilate the hold. When, less than 10 minutes later, the hatch boss realized that the ventilating system had not been turned on, he ordered the men from the hold. The injured longshoreman collapsed as he was ascending a ladder to leave.

The Court of Appeals said that the hatch boss should have ceased work when he first learned that the ship's ventilating system was not operating, despite the officer's promise to turn on the system. Alternatively, he should have used the stevedore's blowers, which had been left on the pier, to ventilate the hold. The jury, however, in response to a special interrogatory, found that the stevedore had acted reasonably in continuing to work for a brief period in reliance on the officer's promise. We cannot agree with the Court of Appeals that the stevedore acted unreasonably as a matter of law. Under the Seventh Amendment, that issue should have been left to the jury's determination. Any other ruling would be inconsistent with this Court's decision in Atlantic & Gulf Stevedores, Inc. v. Ellerman Lines, Ltd., 369 U. S. 355 (1962).

The judgment of the Court of Appeals is

Reversed.